Organic fertilizer composting fermentation is the process of turning organic waste, such as kitchen waste, agricultural waste, livestock and poultry manure, etc., into organic fertilizer after a certain treatment process. The compost fermentation chain plate turning machine is a mechanical equipment used to accelerate the compost fermentation of organic fertilizers. The following is the working principle of the chain plate turning machine:
The turner is a unique equipment in the organic fertilizer industry. Its function is to turn the materials regularly to provide an appropriate amount of oxygen to the pile, restore the void ratio in the pile, promote air circulation, and make the materials lose moisture. Most models also have certain crushing and mixing functions during tossing. According to the fermentation method, the turning machine can be divided into two types: trough type and stack type; according to the working principle of the turning mechanism, it can be divided into 4 types: spiral type, gear shifting type, chain plate type and vertical roller type; according to the walking mode, it can be divided into Towed and self-propelled. The turner is a key piece of equipment in composting. It has many types, has a more complex structure than other equipment, and can provide many indicators.
(1) Operation forward speed. Indicates how fast the equipment advances when performing flipping operations. During operation, the forward speed of the equipment is subject to the turning condition of the turning component, which should not be greater than the length of the material pile that the equipment can turn in the forward direction.
(2) The turnover width is wide. Indicates the width of the pile that the turning machine can turn in one operation.
(3) Turning height. Indicates the height of the pile that the turning machine can handle. With the expansion of cities and the shortage of land resources, compost plants are becoming more and more interested in the indicator of turning height, because it is directly related to the height of the pile and further determines the land utilization rate. The turning height of domestic turning machines also has a gradually increasing trend. At present, the turning height of trough turning machines is mainly 1.5~2m, and the turning height of bar stacking machines is mostly 1~1.5m. The turning height of foreign bar stacking machines is mainly 1.5~2m. The maximum height exceeds 3m.
(4)Production capacity. It represents the amount of material that the turner can handle per unit time. It can be seen that the operating width, operating forward speed and turning height are all relevant factors of production capacity. In the complete set of equipment for organic fertilizer processing, the production capacity should match the processing capacity of the equipment before and after the process, and the utilization rate of the equipment should be considered.
(5) Energy consumption per ton of material. The unit is kW • h/t. The particularity of the working environment of the pile turner is that the materials it handles are constantly undergoing aerobic fermentation, and the bulk density, particle size, moisture content and other characteristics of the materials continue to change. Therefore, every time the equipment turns the pile, it faces various working conditions. The difference and the unit energy consumption are also different. The author believes that this indicator should be tested based on a complete aerobic composting process, and the turning machine should be tested on the first, middle and last days of a fermentation cycle. Test, calculate the energy consumption respectively, and then take the average value, so as to more accurately characterize the unit energy consumption of the turning machine.
(6) Minimum ground clearance for flipping parts. Regardless of whether it is a trough machine or a stacker, the turning parts of most equipment can be raised and lowered, and the ground clearance can be adjusted accordingly. The minimum ground clearance is related to the thoroughness of turning the pile. If the minimum ground clearance is too large, the thicker materials on the bottom layer will not be turned over, and the porosity will become smaller and smaller, which will easily form an anaerobic environment and produce anaerobic fermentation. Foul-smelling gas. So the smaller the indicator, the better.
(7) Minimum turning radius. This indicator is for self-propelled stack turning machines. The smaller the minimum turning radius, the smaller the turning space that needs to be reserved for the compost site, and the higher the land utilization rate. Some foreign manufacturers have developed turners that can turn in place.
(8) The spacing between stacks. This indicator is also specific to the windrow turning machine and is related to the land utilization rate of the compost site. For tractor-type stackers, the distance between stacks is determined by the passing width of the tractor. Its land utilization rate is low and it is suitable for compost plants that are far away from cities and have low land costs. Reducing the gap between the stacks by improving the design is a trend in the development of the stack turner. The stacker equipped with a transverse conveyor belt has been called to shorten the gap to a very small distance, while the vertical roller stacker has changed from the working principle. Change the stack spacing to zero.
(9) No-load traveling speed. The no-load traveling speed is related to the operating speed, especially for trough machines. After turning over a tank of materials, many models need to return to the starting end without load before dumping the next tank of materials. Producers generally expect a higher no-load travel speed to improve the operating efficiency of the equipment.
The working frame of the whole machine is placed on the fermentation tank and can walk forward and backward longitudinally along the upper track of the tank. The flipping trolley is placed on the work frame, and the flipping components and hydraulic system are installed on the flipping trolley. When the work frame reaches the designated turning position, the turning part of the turning trolley is controlled by the hydraulic system and slowly penetrates into the groove. The turning part (chain plate) begins to rotate continuously and advances along the groove with the entire work frame. The turning part continuously grabs the materials in the tank and transports them diagonally to the back of the work frame and drops them, and the fallen materials are piled up again. After completing one stroke of the operation along the tank, the hydraulic system lifts the turning component to a height that does not interfere with the material, and the entire work frame together with the trolley retreats to the initial end of the fermentation tank turning operation.
If it is a wide trough, the turning trolley moves laterally to the left or right by a distance of the width of the chain plate, and then puts down the turning part and goes deep into the trough to start another turning operation of materials. The number of turning times for each fermentation tank depends on the width of the fermentation tank. Generally, a tank is 2 to 9 meters wide. To complete all the turning operations in each tank, 1 to 5 operating strokes (cycles) are required until the entire tank turning operation is completed.
Post time: Oct-31-2023
